The Noble Eightfold Path is a summary of the path of Buddhist practices leading to liberation from samsara, the painful cycle of rebirth. These are not steps to be followed in sequence, one after another. They can be more aptly described as components rather than as steps, comparable to the intertwining strands of a single cable that requires the contributions of all the strands for maximum strength. Right View (Samma Ditthi): a correct grasp of the moral efficacy of action; finds its standard formulation in the statement: "Beings are the owners of their actions, the heirs of their actions; they spring from their actions, are bound to their actions, and are supported by their actions. Whatever deeds they do, good or bad, of those they shall be heirs." Right Intention (Samma Sankappa): can be seen as threefold - the intention of renunciation, the intention of good will, and the intention of harmlessness. The three are opposed to three parallel kinds of wrong intention: intention governed by desire, intention governed by ill will, and intention governed by harmfulness. Each kind of right intention counters the corresponding kind of wrong intention. Right Speech (Samma Vaca): abstaining from false speech, abstaining from slanderous speech, abstaining from harsh speech, and abstaining from idle chatter. Speech can break lives, create enemies, and start wars, or it can give wisdom, heal divisions, and create peace. Right Action (Samma Kammanta): abstaining from taking life, abstaining from taking what is not given, and abstaining from sexual misconduct. Right Livelihood (Samma Agiva): ensuring that one earns one's living in a righteous way. Wealth should be acquired only by legal means; one should acquire it peacefully, without coercion or violence; honestly, not by trickery or deceit; and one should acquire it in ways which do not entail harm and suffering for others. Right Effort (Samma Vayama): aims at overcoming unwholesome states of mind insofar as they impede concentration; these states are usually presented as the "five hindrances": sensual desire, ill will, dullness and drowsiness, restlessness and worry, and doubt. The first effort to be made regarding the hindrances is the effort to prevent the hindrances from arising. Right Mindfulness (Samma Sati): in the practice of right mindfulness the mind is trained to remain in the present, open, quiet, and alert, contemplating the present event. All judgements and interpretations have to be suspended, or if they occur, just registered and dropped. The task is simply to note whatever comes up just as it is occurring, riding the changes of events in the way a surfer rides the waves on the sea. Right Concentration (Samma Samadhi): collects together the ordinarily dispersed and dissipated stream of mental states to induce an inner unification. The two salient features of a concentrated mind are unbroken attentiveness to an object and the consequent tranquility of the mental functions.